Uncanny X-Men, first published as The X-Men, is the flagship Marvel Comics comic book series for the X-Men franchise. It is the mainstream continuity featuring the adventures of the eponymous group of mutant superheroes. While hugely successful now, the book was initially met with a lukewarm reception, and took a number of years for the X-Men's first issue (cover dated September 1963) to secure even mild success. The series was cancelled in 1970, but interest was rekindled with 1975's Giant-Size X-Men and the debut of a new, international team. Under the guidance of writer Chris Claremont (whose 16-year stint began with August 1975's Uncanny X-Men #94), the series grew in popularity worldwide, eventually spawning a franchise with numerous spin-off "X-books," including New Mutants, X-Factor, Excalibur, X-Force, Generation X, the simply titled X-Men, and a number of prefixed titles such as Astonishing X-Men and New X-Men.
The series concluded after the "Schism"/"Fear Itself" storyline with #544 in October 2011. In November it will be relaunched as Uncanny X-Men #1.